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Meticillin resistant (MR) Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), S. intermedius/pseudintermedius, S. schleiferi coagulans, S. schleiferi schleiferi and other coagulase negative staphylococci have been associated with infections and colonisation in many animal species. Dogs and cats are usually colonised with the most prevalent human MRSA isolates, whereas other animal species are colonised with clone types unique to those species. MR staphylococci are resistant to β-lactams, cefalosporins, fl uoroquinolones and clindamycin. They are frequently sensitive to tetracyclines, sufonamides, fucidic acid and mupirocin, but multi-drug resistant S. intermedius and S. pseudintermedius have been identified. The prevalence in healthy animals appears to be low. Risk factors for infection include repeated courses of broad spectrum antibacterials, surgery, joint infections, non-healing wounds and catheterisation. Most infected animals survive, provided that the primary condition can be managed. It is likely that there is two-way exchange of MR staphylococci between humans and animals. Animals are therefore at risk of colonisation from contact with veterinary staff and premises, and colonised animals may act as reservoirs for colonisation of in-contact humans. True zoonotic infections remain rare and are associated with defi ned risk factors. Antibacterial use guidelines may limit the development andspread of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Strict hygienic precautions will help prevent contamination and dissemination in veterinary clinics.
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